邦瀚斯 | 一个世纪的收藏:Robert 和 Jean-Pierre Rousset 收藏的中国造像成交记录
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https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/the-robert-and-jean-pierre-rousset-collection-of-asian-art-a-century-of-collecting/?page=5#page5Rousset 家族是法国著名的古董世家,家族的亚洲艺术生意最早可以追溯到二十世纪初期,家族古董生意鼎盛时期,在巴黎凯旋门咫尺之遥的艺廊占地四层楼,与叱咤风云的卢芹斋 C.T. Loo 红楼旗鼓相当,Rousset家族经手的重量级文物,很多今天在Nelson-Atkins博物馆、皇家安大略博物馆等国际一线大馆。一百年来,家族的亚洲艺术收藏已传至第四代。
Jean-Pierre Rousset (1936-2021)
Rousset 家族是法国著名的古董世家,家族的亚洲艺术生意最早可以追溯到二十世纪初期,早在1912年,Jean-Pierre Rousset 的爷爷 Louis Rousset(1878-1929)就在巴黎3区 arquebusiers 街开设了东方古董及佛教艺术艺廊,从事远东艺术品的贸易,艺廊藏品有一度达到近千件。
Jean-Pierre 的叔叔 Robert Rousset 是家族古董生意的核心人物,同时也是 Jean-Pierre 的启蒙老师。1934年,Robert将家族艺廊迁至名闻遐迩历史悠久的Friedland大道39号,离凯旋门近在咫尺。艺廊所占面积共四层楼,成为当时全球亚洲艺术的风向标,与享有盛誉的卢芹斋C. T. Loo艺廊旗鼓相当。艺廊生意十分红火,记录在文件的业务量足以让今天任何艺廊都相形见绌,每天都会成交几十宗订单。这个位于 Friedland 大道39号的历史悠久的艺廊,几乎是一个世纪以来全球亚洲艺术品爱好者和收藏者的津津乐道的艺术圣地。如今 Nelson-Atkins 博物馆、皇家安大略博物馆等世界著名博物馆中都有来自艺廊的重要藏品。
Robert 有很强的家族观念,他很自然地邀请他的弟弟 Léon 即 Jean-Pierre的父亲来艺廊帮忙。Robert没有子女,他就把两个侄子侄女即 Léon 的孩子 Anne-Marie 和 Jean-Pierre 看作自己的孩子庇护关照。他总喜欢带着他们在展厅和艺廊仓库漫步,给他们讲述每件藏品背后的故事,Robert 把他对亚洲艺术的挚爱传承于 Jean-Pierre,Jean-Pierre之后又传给了他的儿子Mike和侄子 Hervé ,Rousset家族的亚洲艺术收藏,经历百年,至今已传至家族第四代。1982年,Robert 去世后,其毕生积累的珍贵收藏被平均地分给了 Jean-Pierre 和他的姐姐 Anne-Marie。Anne-Marie的那部分私藏在她2019 年去世后已经拍卖售出,而本次委托邦瀚斯释出的则是 Jean-Pierre 的部分。
10月25-26日在巴黎邦瀚斯举行的Robert与Jean-Pierre Rousset珍藏亚洲艺术专拍成交极为火爆。本次委托邦瀚斯释出的是家族百年积累的精华,大部分从未进入过市场,属于拍场难得一见的高品质生货。本场成交率高达惊人的100%,单场报收1455万欧元,折合人民币超过1亿。封面拍品金代大型木雕彩绘漆金观音像以334万欧元高价成交,折人民币约2500万,价格超过了去年巴黎佳士得290万欧元高价释出的与本件或原为一对的那件金代木佛。另一件卢芹斋经手的北齐石雕菩萨首也收获高溢价,以148万欧元成交。https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/53/tres-rare-et-importante-statue-de-bodhisattva-en-bois-dynastie-jin-1115-1234/
AN IMPORTANT AND EXCEPTIONALLY RARE LARGE WOOD FIGURE OF A BODHISATTVA
Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 AD)82cm (32 1/4in) high x 71.5cm (28 1/8in) wide x 66.5cm (26 3/16in) deep.
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏Powerfully poised with the right leg crossed in front of the left in vajrasana, with the right hand resting on its knee in avakashamudra and the left arm raised, the full upright torso with well-defined chest and slightly rounded belly, wearing long flowing robes from the back and gathered over the right shoulder and tied in a knot diagonally over the chest and around the arms, amassing below the belly and tied in a further knot, the chest adorned in high relief with gilt-lacquered foliate-shaped necklace issuing buds and a central floriform pendant and opening bud, the peaceful face set with the glass eyes downcast in a serene expression, with full cheeks and vermillion coloured lips, crowned with long well-defined hair plaited over the pendulous ears and flowing onto the shoulders, made in sections, with traces of gilt-lacquering, vermillion, copper-green, grey-black and azurite pigments. 




https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/238/rare-statuette-de-bodhisttava-en-pierre-sculptee-dynastie-des-zhou-du-norddynastie-sui-557-581589-618-2/AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE STONE FIGURE OF A BODHISATTVA
Northern Zhou/Sui Dynasty (557-581 AD/589-618 AD)54.3cm (21 1/2in) high. (2).
成交价:
€403,575,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏
據家族記錄,於1925年1月10日購自北京Tchou Teh Hoo
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏The deity, probably representing Avalokiteshvara, standing with its body naturalistically slightly swayed to the front and right, holding a vase in its left hand containing the nectar of Immortality, wearing flowing robes naturalistically draped in folds around its shoulders and arms, folded over its waist and reaching its bare feet, adorned with beaded bejewelled and tasselled necklaces with a central lotus pendant, the right arm raised, the serene face gazing forward with well detailed features flanked by pendulous ears with adorned with earrings, below the high beaded and bejewelled tiara with ribbons set around the coiffure, the back displaying the robe with its folds and overlapping pleats, tied below the neck and folded over the waist, with a bracket section on the back of the head, with red, green and black pigments and gilding, supported on an inverted circular base, stand.
該立像寶相莊嚴,衣飾華麗,集北周與隋之韻致於一身。隋代在589年重新統一中國,其帝王皆護持佛法,並以佛教作為鞏固統治手段之一。因此隋代二帝時全國建立經像,盛極一時。此時佛教造像發展及技藝亦臻於完善,上承北齊、北周之大成,下啟盛唐風氣。與本像頭闊肩窄之比例相似者,可參見一例北周石雕觀音像 ,收錄於喜仁龍(O. Siren),Chinese Sculpture from the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century(五至十四世紀之中國雕塑),卷一,曼谷,1998年,圖版266A(重印自1925年Ernest Benn版)。本拍品應為觀音造像。其左手所持"淨瓶"為八吉祥之一。右手或曾持楊柳枝,以從淨瓶中蘸灑甘露,為眾生解困救難。
上述喜仁龍所著中,亦收錄有同樣手持淨瓶並身懸瓔珞之隋代石觀音像 兩尊,見該書圖版311及316。另Avery Brundage舊藏中亦有兩尊隋代石灰岩菩薩像 可資比較。此二像現為三藩市亞洲藝術博物館所藏,藏品編號分別為B60S37 及B60S423。另比較兩例石雕觀音菩薩像,藏於華盛頓特區弗里爾美術館,其一據銘文斷代為公元592年,藏品編號爲acc.no.FSC-S-52;另一例斷代為隋朝,藏品編號為acc.no.S2012.9.4531。https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/32/tres-rare-et-importante-tete-de-bodhisattva-en-pierre-dynastie-des-qi-du-nord-550-577-ap-j-c-2/
AN IMPORTANT AND EXTREMELY RARE LARGE STONE HEAD OF A BODHISATTVA
Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 AD)來源:
巴黎古董商盧芹齋
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1924年2月21日購自上述
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏The serene face with full lidded eyes downcast below high arched brows set with a central urna, with well-defined nose, sensuous bud mouth and set chin, with full rounded cheeks, flanked by the pendulous ears, below the arched centrally-parted black-pigmented hair, surmounted by a tall tri-foliate bejewelled crown, with traces of black, copper-green and azurite pigments, stand.
木座為稲垣吉蔵(1876-1951,自1906年後活躍於巴黎)所製。
北齊帝皇尊崇佛法,屢屢敕建佛寺佛窟,並徵召高僧如僧稠等入朝為師。此佛教隆盛之世,亦為中國佛教藝術高峰之一。本尊首像容貌安恬,冠飾華麗,比例勻稱,雕工審慎,乃北齊佛教造像藝術之代表。融合了豐富多彩的外來文化及藝術風格,兼有皇權護持,佛教藝術在北朝蓬勃發展。在皇室斥巨資並主持興建的佛窟中,各式佛像仿若天工而成,風格強健豪邁,造型準確真實,姿態與面容栩栩如生,細節裝飾處亦不失精美繁複,處處可見時為北齊貴族所青睞的同時代印度笈多藝術之影響。在佛教信仰中,造像是信徒表其虔誠的重要途徑,亦可以藉此積福德,除業障。本拍品眼瞼輕垂,面容沈靜悲憫,表明其乃觀音尊容。觀音在印度佛教中被尊為佛陀慈悲的化身,並在蓮華經中被描述為傾聽世間音聲,解眾生苦難之形象,並可以各種化身現身說法。
於本拍品相似之彎眉,可比對堪薩斯城納爾遜-阿特金斯藝術博物館所藏一尊北齊石灰岩菩薩首像(藏品號F99-1)。亦可參看聖地牙哥藝術博物館所藏一例北齊石灰岩菩薩首像,載於蔣人和(K. Tsiang)著,Echoes of the Past: The Buddhist Cave Temples of Xiangtangshan(過去的迴響:響堂山石窟佛教造像)》,芝加哥,2010年,頁230,圖32。紐約大都會藝術博物館亦藏有一例北齊砂岩觀音立像,載於何恩之(A. F. Howard)等著,Chinese Sculpture (中國雕塑),紐希雲,2006年,頁288,圖3.92。
另可參見一例體量較小之北齊大理石雕菩薩首像(高34釐米),屬歐宗易先生珍藏中國早期藝術(The Ollivier Collection of Early Chinese Art)舊藏,由倫敦邦瀚斯於2018年11月8日售出,拍品編號31。https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/28/
A VERY RARE STONE HEAD OF A BODHISATTVA
Longmen, Northern Wei Dynasty (386-535 AD)
24.4cm (9 1/2in) high. (2).
成交价:
€113,775,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1940年11月22日入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏
Exquisitely carved with eyes downcast in a serene expression, with high arched brown and well defined facial features flanked by a pair of pendulous ears, below the incised hair, plaited and parted in the centre above the high forehead, adorned with a tall tiara set with a floral medallion flanked by palmettes and circular floriform motif, secured to the head by a twist rope tied with a ribbon, stand.
本像具數處顯著特徵,像首瘦長,眉彎如月,鼻稍寛,髮髻整齊,與北魏時期河南龍門地區的彌勒佛尤爲相近。
大乘佛教和小乘佛教均奉彌勒佛為未來佛,居兜率天,即佛教徒追求死後得以重生所往之極樂淨土。龍門石窟為大型佛教遺址,由數百座石窟組成,宏偉非凡,很大程度上歸功於西元386年至535年間中國北方的拓跋統治者對其供養所致。
北魏時期,國家對佛教的支持促使佛教在整個中國北方地區迅速傳播。北魏統治者原非佛教徒,為來自西北的遊牧民族「拓跋」。拓跋統治者將佛教作為政治統一的力量。正如西元335年一非漢族統治者之言:《吾等生於兵時,雖不配,然已從命,作王治中原⋯佛陀本為外邦神,實當為吾等所尊⋯》,至西元477年,中國北方估計共6478座佛寺,7萬多名僧侶及尼姑;參見A.Paluduan著《Chinese Sculpture: A Great Tradition》,芝加哥,1996年,頁187。北魏統治者開始自視為佛陀化身,致力建設佛教石窟及摩崖神龕,並委託訂製石雕,以設其中,如此例石雕菩薩首。龍門石窟最早為北魏孝文帝所建,當中藴藏中國佛教藝術中一些最精美絕倫的瑰寶。北魏王朝石雕風格在龍門達到藝術頂峰。一則因石料品質卓越,且鄰近時為中國古典雕塑中心之洛陽;二則受到南朝繪畫發展的影響。龍門的人物雕像典型特徵為身形纖細,双肩斜溜,五官細膩,眉彎如蝶。
比較一例類似的北魏龍門石雕像首,見R.Y.Lefebvre d'Argencé著,《Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Sculpture: The Avery Brundage Collection》,三藩市,1974年,圖版30;另有相似一例,見S.Di著,《Comprehensive Illustrated Catalogue of Chinese Buddhist Statues in Overseas Collections》,卷一,北京,2005年,頁167。另見相關兩例北魏時期石雕菩薩首,見O.Siren著,《Chinese Sculpture》,卷一,曼谷,1998年,圖版113A及113B(再版1925年版)。

https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/236/tres-rare-tete-de-bodhisattva-en-pierre-sculptee-dynaste-des-wei-du-nord-386-535-2/
A VERY RARE STONE HEAD OF A BODHISATTVA
Northern Wei Dynasty (386-535 AD)28.6cm (11 1/2in) high. (2).
成交价:
€75,975,含佣金
來源:
巴黎 Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏,首像見於 Robert Rousset 巴黎府邸一舊照中,攝於上世紀五十年代閒
巴黎 Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏Characteristically carved with an elongated face flanked by pendulous ears adorned with boss-shaped earrings, the face with a serene expression with an angular nose above well-defined lips and below the arched eyebrows, the raised hair parted in the centre below the high tiara on a rope-twist base tied with a tasselled ribbon on each side and adorned with a foliate scroll, traces of red pigment, stand. https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/240/rare-tete-de-guanyin-en-pierre-sculptee-dynastie-des-qi-du-nord-550-577-2/A RARE STONE HEAD OF GUANYIN
Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 AD)成交价:
€31,875,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏Exquisitely carved with eyes downcast in a serene expression, with high arched brown, raised angular eyes and straight nose above the sensuous bud mouth and well-defined chin, the rounded forehead below the raised centrally parted hair flanked by the pair of pendulous ears, crowned with a high tiara with a central figure of a seated Buddha before a lotus petal and within an arch, flanked by a pair of coiled dragon-like beasts, triple-tassels and a flower with two angular terminals, with traces of black, red and copper-green pigments, stand. https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/231/A STONE DOCUMENTARY STELE OF BUDDHA
Northern Wei Dynasty, dated to the Gengyin year, third year of Yongping, corresponding to 510 AD and of the period36.8cm (14 1/2in) high x 28.2cm (11 1/8in) wide x 11cm (4 5/16in) deep.成交价:
€82,275,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏Of rectangular form, the front carved with a grotto enclosing Buddha seated on a stepped pedestal over a cascading hanging supported by a pair of Yaksha, flanked by two bodhisattvas, one holding an offering and the other with its hands clasped in prana mudra, the reverse with a smaller grotto enclosing seated Buddha above a lotus pedestal, with inscriptions around all sides except for the top and bottom, with traces of vermillion pigment. https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/222/rare-statuette-de-bouddha-en-bronze-dore-dynastie-sui-589-618-2/A RARE SMALL GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF BUDDHA
Sui Dynasty (589-618 AD)成交价:
€3,570,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏
Cast standing with the the left arm extended in kataka mudra, the right probably in abhaya mudra, his wearing a long robe falling from the shoulders in undulating folds, the face with a compassionate expression, the hair gathered in a high chignon, stand. https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/293/A PARCEL-GILT BRONZE FIGURE OF LIUHAI
Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)11.8cm (4 1/2in) high. (2).成交价:
€5,355,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏,於1935年前入藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏The Daoist Immortal cast in a typical posture standing with one leg raised the left arm raised and the left lowered, the face with a smiling expression below the tonsured hair encircled with a diadem, wearing flowing long-sleeved robes open to reveal the rotund belly, with a leaf skirt around the waist tied with belt suspending a sack with a foliate terminal, the hems finely incised, carrying a double gourd vase at the back which may have been used as joss stick holder, stand.https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/67/
A PAIR OF HUANGHUALI FIGURES OF SEATED BOYS
Mid Qing Dynasty (1736-1820)28.2cm (11 1/16in) and 27.8cm (10 15/16in) high. (4).成交价:
€19,125,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏,於二十世紀八十年代入藏https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/89/A BLANC-DE-CHINE GUANYIN AND CHILD GROUP
18th century成交价:
€2,805,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Robert Rousset(1901-1981)舊藏
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏The Goddess of Mercy finely modelled seated on pierced rockwork with the right leg crossed and resting on her left lap and the bare left foot protruding under the long flowing robes open at the chest to reveal a floral necklace over the undergarments, the hooded eyes downcast in a serene expression beneath highly-arched brown and incised hair gathered in high chignon, the arms adorned with beaded bracelets supporting a boy seated on her lap holding an ingot in his left hand, the rockwork with a side section supporting a book and a scroll tied in a ribbon.https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/107/A PAIR OF BISCUIT POLYCHROME-GLAZED HEHE ERXIAN GROUPS
Kangxi (1662-1722)The largest 14.2cm (5 1/2in) high. (2).成交价:
€1,785,含佣金
來源:
Jean-Louis Picard,1994年2月16-17日
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/312/TWO FAMILLE VERTE FIGURES OF BOYS
Kangxi (1662-1722)17cm (6 6/8in) high. (2).成交价:
€2,422.50,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/321/EIGHT FAMILLE ROSE FIGURES OF DAOIST IMMORTALS
18th/early 19th centuryThe largest 24.5cm (9 5/8in) high. (8).成交价:
€2,805,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏https://www.bonhams.com/zh-cn/auction/27939/lot/322/THREE FAMILLE ROSE FIGURES OF DAOIST IMMORTALS
18th/early 19th centuryThe largest 23.4cm (9 2/8in) high. (3).成交价:
€637.50,含佣金
來源:
巴黎Jean-Pierre Rousset(1936-2021)舊藏
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中国佛教艺术简史
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